Annotated Bibliography To The Topic Of Astronomy

Nucleobases and Their Production during the Photolysis of Astrophysically-relevant Ices. Astrophysics and Astrochemistry Lab. 2013. Retrieved from http://www.astrochem.org/sci/Nucleobases.php

The authors of the article explore the impact of UV irradiation, which objects in the outer space are exposed to, on ices. In such a way, the author explore the transformation that occurs to Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Ices that may help to understand how ice may evolve and change its form and physical properties, including the possibility of its transformation into water and emergence of the life. The study focuses on the analysis of chemical reactions that may take place in the outer space. Experiments conducted by the researchers help to get insight into transformations and interaction between UV Photolysis in Cosmic Ice analogs, which help to understand how these elements change and evolve and give insight on how the life could emerge under the impact of UV Photolysis in cosmic ice analogs. This study is another modeling of the outer space system and the situation, when the cosmic ice analogs are vulnerable to external influences that could drive chemical and physical changes that eventually resulted in the emergence of life. The researchers study the PAH coronene by Proton Irradiation in Cosmic Ice Analogs. The study focuses on the analysis of various external influences on water in extraterrestrial conditions. The laboratory experiments conducted by the researchers help to understand how water changes its properties and what transformations may occur under the impact of external forces which may occur in the outer space. In such a way, this article helps to understand how water transformations and changes could lead to the appearance of life.

Perkins, S. Asteroid impacts may have formed life’s building blocks, Science, 2014. Retrieved from http://news.sciencemag.org/biology/2014/12/asteroid-impacts-may-have-formed-life-s-building-blocks

The article focuses on the study of extraterrestrial organic compounds in meteorites. Many theories suggest that the life on the earth was brought in from the outer space. In such a context, the study of meteorites and organic compounds, which they contain, may help how the life appeared on the earth and what chemical reactions take place in meteorites involving extraterrestrial organic compounds. The change and evolution of organic compounds in meteorites helps to trace the evolution of those organic compounds and uncovers the possibility of deception in the course of the life development on meteorites and in the outer space. The researchers trace changes and chemical transformations to organic compounds and uncover that those changes can potentially lead to the emergence of life, if they are put in the proper environment.

Singer, E. Chemists Seek Possible Precursor to RNA. Quanta Magazine, 2014. Retrieved from https://www.quantamagazine.org/20140205-chemists-pursue-possible-precursor-to-rna/

The author of the article focuses on the study of the problem of precursors that preceded RNA. RNA being the fundamental element of the life still had its precursors and the article helps to understand how RNA appeared and what is more important what was prior to RNA. In search of the answer to this question, the author looks back into the distant past and analyzes materials available to researchers to find the plausible answer. The researcher provides the extensive study of the development of RNA and its precursors and provides the holistic view on the chemical evolution and changes that occurred to early samples of life in the course of the evolution that eventually led to the formation of RNA.

Alford, J. Scientists Recreate First Spark Of Life. IFL Science, 2014. Retrieved from http://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/scientists-form-building-blocks-life-recreating-asteroid-collision

The authors conduct the extensive study of the emergence of the life on the earth and extrapolate their findings on other extraterrestrial objects. They attempt to trace the evolution of the life from the moment of its appearance to the further transformation into a powerful and complex system. At the same time, the researchers go beyond the mere study of the history of evolution of life on the earth. Instead, they focus on chemical and physical transformations that take place to organisms and the planet to find out factors that contribute to the evolution of the life and how live organisms change and evolve in the course of time, instead of mere disappearance. Their findings are important in terms of the better understanding they key factors that influence the emergence and further evolution of life at the chemical and physical levels. The authors pay a particular attention to factors that contributed to the emergence of life and what elements and mechanisms were used to preserve the life that helped it to survive in the hostile environment.

Redd, N.T. NASA Scientists Cook Up Building Blocks of Life in Lab, Space.com, 2015. Retrieved from http://www.space.com/29057-life-building-blocks-created-nasa-lab.html

The study focuses on the analysis of the existence of life in the outer space. The researchers explore the formation of uracil from the UV photo-irradiation of pyrimidine in pure H2O ices. The study reveals the impact of the UV photo-irradiation on pure H2O ices, which may lead to the formation of uracil and create conditions for the emergence of the life. The study focuses on the possibility of the emergence of life in the extraterrestrial area. Findings of the study prove such a possibility and reveal the full extent to which the presence of water is important for the emergence of life, while the UV photo-irradiation still creates conditions for the emergence of life even in the outer space. In such a way, the research gives a deeper insight into understanding of the problem of the emergence of life in the space.